What is the formula for phosphorus pentachloride?

Phosphorus pentachloride is a chemical compound with the formula PCl5. It consists of one phosphorus atom bonded to five chlorine atoms. The compound is a white, crystalline solid at room temperature and is commonly used as a reagent in organic synthesis and as a chlorinating agent in various chemical reactions.

The structure of phosphorus pentachloride is trigonal bipyramidal, with the phosphorus atom at the center and the chlorine atoms at the five vertices of the bipyramid. The molecule is nonpolar due to its symmetrical geometry, with the chlorine atoms exerting an equal pull on the electron cloud surrounding the central phosphorus atom.

Phosphorus pentachloride is highly reactive and can decompose upon exposure to moisture, releasing toxic hydrogen chloride gas. It is also corrosive to skin and mucous membranes upon contact. Special precautions should be taken when handling and storing this compound to prevent accidents and exposure to its harmful effects.